Abstract: According to the AC 25.562-1B standard of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), the 16 g longitudinal im鄄 pact structure tests of the forward facing and rear facing seats installed in a certain type of business aircraft were carried out to meet the airworthiness requirements of Part 25 of the Chinese civil aviation regulations (CAAR).By comparing with the test force transmission path, test condition, test index, test process and test results of the forward facing seat, the differential characteristics of the rear facing seat in the 16 g longitudinal impact structure test were researched. The results showed that the inertial load of the rear facing seat dummy directly acted on the backrest, compared with the load of the forward facing seat dummy transferred to the backrest by the restraint system. The test load severity of the rear facing seat was less than that of the forward facing seat, the seat leg's maximum resultant interface load was 1.9% - 21.9% smaller than that of the forward facing seat, and the longitu鄄 dinal maximum deformation is 29.1% - 40.7% smaller than that of the forward facing seat. Compared to the for鄄 ward motion of the forward facing seat dummy, the rear facing seat dummy slided upward along the backrest ob鄄 viously under the inertial load due to the poor initial upward restraint effect of the safety belt. Since the distance between the head and the headrest of the rear facing seat dummy was very close and the headrest foam had a cer鄄 tain energy absorption effect, the injury risk of dummy head hitting the headrest was relatively low according to the head injury criterion (HIC).

Key words: forward facing seat, rear facing seat, interface load, impact test, test dummy, airworthiness