形状记忆合金驱动可变形机翼的设计优化

中国民航大学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 34-38.

形状记忆合金驱动可变形机翼的设计优化

刘兵飞，张超，张威

（中国民航大学航空工程学院，天津 300300）

收稿日期:2020-03-02 修回日期:2020-03-02 接受日期:2019-11-19 出版日期:2021-06-25 发布日期:2021-11-28
作者简介:刘兵飞（1985—），男，河北承德人，副教授，博士，研究方向为智能材料与结构力学.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（11502284）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项（3122020077）

Design and optimization of deformable wing driven by shape memory alloy

LIU Bingfei, ZHANG Chao, ZHANG Wei

（College of Aeronautical Engineering, CAUC, Tianjin 300300, China）

Received:2020-03-02 Revised:2020-03-02 Accepted:2019-11-19 Online:2021-06-25 Published:2021-11-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 传统方法设计的机翼气动性能对飞行条件的依赖性较强, 针对该问题，设计一种由形状记忆合金（SMA， shape memory alloy）丝驱动的可变形机翼机构。该机构可根据不同的飞行状态自动调整机翼形状，实时优化机翼气动性能。首先，将 SMA 驱动器驱动点连接到翼型内侧的桁条上，驱动桁条上下移动从而使柔性蒙皮变形；其次，利用优化集成平台 Isight，对机翼进行建模及流体力学分析，以实现可变形机翼的优化设计；最后基于优化设计结果，结合 SMA 本构关系，确定满足优化设计要求的可变形机翼驱动结构方案。研究结果表明，SMA 驱动器能够实现可变形机翼的变形驱动，通过 30 ~ 140 ℃温度控制，可实现机翼上下蒙皮 0 ~ 8 mm 的变形量，翼型升阻比最大可提高 21.87 %。

关键词: 可变形机翼, 形状记忆合金（SMA）驱动器, 翼型气动优化, 升阻比

Abstract: The aerodynamic performance of wings designed by traditional methods strongly depends on flight conditions. Aiming at this problem, a deformable wing structure driven by shape memory alloy(SMA) wire is designed. The structure can automatically adjust the wing shape according to different flight states, so as to simultaneously optimize its aerodynamic performance. Firstly, the driving point of SMA driver is connected to the stringer inside the airfoil to drive the stringer up and down and deform the flexible skin. Secondly, by using the integrated optimization platform of Isight , the wing modelling and hydrodynamics analysis are conducted to achieve the optimal design of deformable wing. Finally, basing on the optimization design results and SMA constitutive relation, the driving structure scheme of deformable wing is determined. Research results show that the SMA driver can realize the deformation driving of the deformable wing, through temperature control in the range of 30- 140 ℃, the deformation of the upper and lower skins of the wing can be achieved by 0-8 mm, and the maximum lift-to-drag ratio can be increased by 21.87%.

Key words: deformable wing, SMA driver, airfoil aerodynamic optimization, lift-to-drag ratio

中图分类号:

V224

刘兵飞, 张超, 张威. 形状记忆合金驱动可变形机翼的设计优化[J]. 中国民航大学学报, 2021, 39(3): 34-38.

LIU Bingfei, ZHANG Chao, ZHANG Wei. Design and optimization of deformable wing driven by shape memory alloy [J]. Journal of Civil Aviation University of China, 2021, 39(3): 34-38.

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