中国民航大学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 8-13.

• 民用航空 • 上一篇    下一篇

耦合消防设施的航站楼火灾演化机理研究

宋洋a,张楷文a,姜红肖b   

  1. (中国民航大学a.交通科学与工程学院,b.安全科学与工程学院,天津300300)
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-02 修回日期:2022-04-30 出版日期:2023-10-28 发布日期:2023-10-28
  • 作者简介:宋洋(1977—),男,天津人,教授,博士,研究方向为民用机场航站楼火灾与应急救援疏散.
  • 基金资助:
    民航机场群智慧运营重点实验室开放基金项目(KLAGIO20180302);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(3122014C001)

Research on fire evolution mechanism of terminal buildings coupled with fire fighting facilities

SONG Yanga , ZHANG Kaiwena , JIANG Hongxiaob   

  1. (a. College of Transportation Science and Engineering; b. College of Safety Science and Engineering, CAUC, Tianjin 300300, China)
  • Received:2022-03-02 Revised:2022-04-30 Online:2023-10-28 Published:2023-10-28

摘要: 机场航站楼属于大型公共建筑,一旦发生火灾易造成烟气聚集且导致人员疏散困难,传统消防设施难以满足此类建筑的消防需求。本文针对耦合消防设施的演化机理进行研究,首先建立航站楼候机厅建筑信息模型(BIM,buildinginformationmodeling),然后通过火灾动态模拟器(FDS,firedynamicssimulator)对航站楼候机厅进行不同场景下的火灾模拟,进而得到不同场景、不同区域下的喷淋、烟气层高度、能见度、热释放速率等指标数据,并根据其变化过程分析火灾演化机理。研究结果表明,针对航站楼这种具有特殊性的公共建筑,耦合消防设施和消防设施未启动情况下火灾演化机理具有显著差异。同时,模拟结果可以为航站楼消防设计的优化和应急疏散方案的制定提供思路

关键词: font-size:15.04px, ">机场航站楼, 耦合消防设施, 火灾演化机理, 火灾动态模拟器(FDS)

Abstract:

Airport terminal is a large public building, it can easily cause smoke accumulation and make evacuation difficult once a fire occurs. Traditional fire fighting facilities are difficult to meet the fire fighting needs of such buildings.

In this paper, the evolution mechanism of coupled fire facilities is studied. Firstly, the building information modeling (BIM) of terminal hall is established, and the fire simulation of terminal in different scenarios is carried out through fire dynamics simulator (FDS). Then the data of sprinkler operation, smoke layer height, visibility and heat release rate in different regions and different scenarios are obtained. The fire evolution mechanism is analyzed according to the changing process. The results show that there is a significant difference in the fire evolution mechanism between the coupled fire fighting facilities and the non-start-up fire fighting facilities for the special public building such as airport terminal. At the same time, the simulation results can provide ideas for the optimization of fire fighting design and the formulation of emergency evacuation plan of airport terminal.

Key words: font-size:15.04px, ">airport terminal, coupled fire fighting facilities, fire evolution mechanism, fire dynamics simulator (FDS)

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