Abstract: Airport construction in permafrost regions is a worldwide technical challenge, lacking mature experience and in-volving significant engineering risks, thus urgently requiring the identification of the evolution characteristics ofpermafrost ground temperature to guide airport engineering practices in cold regions. This paper is based on threeintermittent ground temperature monitoring datasets collected over 17 years at Mohe Gulian Airport (referred to asMohe Airport), and analyzes the temporal and spatial variation characteristics and spatial dispersion of siteground temperatures by integrating muliple factors such as surface vegetation removal, construction disturbance,and climate warming. The study found that the original permafrost has significantly degraded, with the extents ofwam permafrost and deep seasonally frozen ground expanding; ground temperature variations exhibit depth-de-pendent stratified heterogeneity, and measurements at identical monitoring points show pronounced spatial dis-persion. The research findings provide key scientific support for airport design and construction in global per-mafrost and seasonally frozen ground regions, and hold important theoretical and practical value for advancingmajor infrastructure development in cold regions.

Key words: airport engineering, foundation temperature, permafrost, aircraft runway, Mohe Airport