Table of Content

26 August 2016, Volume 34 Issue 4

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Civil Aviation

Aircraft unimpeded taxi time in Beijing Capital International Airport

ZHAO Yifei, TANG Hualong

2016, 34(4):  1-5. 

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Given consistent expanding airport size and increasing air traffic flow, accurately apprehending the traffic congestion situation in operation management becomes a vital problem. In China only a few airports忆average taxi out time is specified as the indicator of airport operation. However, it cannot recognize the difference between various combinations of gates and departure runways in one specific airport. The unimpeded taxi time is introduced as an optimum reference in FAA and EUROCONTROL in order to evaluate the level of inefficiencies in the taxi-out phase. Nevertheless, the value of unimpeded taxi time in US or Europe is not suitable for airports in China. Based on FAA and EUROCONTROL approaches, an improved one on which multiple linear regression models is built,is proposed to evaluate the unimpeded taxi time. Validaton of this approach with operational data in Beijing Capital International Airport proves its feasibility.

Comparative study on airworthiness standards of transport rotorcrafts in China and Russia

CHEN Shuwen, GE Hongjuan, ZHANG Lu, ZHAO Quan, LIU Tianxin

2016, 34(4):  6-10. 

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To improve the helicopter safety standards and to promote bilateral airworthiness between Russia and China, a comparative study from structure, regulation code and content in AⅡ-29(R2003)and CCAR-29 is made. Taking weather conditions of natural icing test flight as an example, the difference analysis of weather condition and cloud water content is made between AⅡ and CCAR, providing foundation for other regulation researches. Results show that there are some differences in threshold and regulation content between China and Russia. Some suggestions about establishing China's and Russia's airworthiness standards and system are given.

Single failure MTBF analysis on aircraft safety assessment

YANG Ke, ZHAO Changxiao

2016, 34(4):  11-15. 

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Safety is the lifeline of civil aviation industry. The regulations proposed by airworthiness authorities require that the occurrence of any single failure which would prevent continuous safe flight and landing of airplanes is extremely improbable. While the ambiguous description makes it difficult to calculate the occurrence of single failure in practice. The traditional parameter, mean time between failure(MTBF), is not suitable for single failure analysis due to the possibility that critical safety components may fail before MTBF. A method is proposed to evaluate the probability of single failure. The evaluating formula for the occurrence probability of single failure basing on sample size is given. Practical cases are used to verify the effectiveness of this method.

Ontology-based approach for airdrome safety hotspots analysis

WANG Jiening, ZHAO Xiaopeng, ZHOU Yuan

2016, 34(4):  16-20,26. 

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According to the demands for characteristics identification and classification of civil airdrome hotspots, the toplevel concept framework of hotspots is built using with Protege tool, the core terminology is validated by descriptive logics, introducing formalized description of airport safety hot spots at different levels. A domain ontology is established, in which hotspots are classified in accordance with features based on FaCT++. This approach has benefits on common knowledge construction of airport hotspots identification and classification. It can also help controllers to know hotspots' risk level directly and completely.

Fault diagnosis method of flight control system based on ontology and FMECA

DUAN Zhaobin,ZHANG Peng

2016, 34(4):  21-26. 

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The fly-by-wire flight control system is increasingly used in modern airliners. The lack of maintenance method and fault diagnosis knowledge becomes a major problem. In order to meet the needs for flight control system maintenance, an intelligent fault diagnosis method is proposed. The FMECA analysis of flight control system of B777 aircraft is taken as the knowledge source of this ontology modeling. By JESS rule reasoning machine, maintenance personnel can rapidly locate the source of the fault, and can select corresponding measures. This diagnosing method realizes the knowledge sharing between aircraft manufacturers and aircraft users, which can provide a strong support for fault diagnosis of flight control system.

Failure diagnosis of aero-engine fuel pump assembly based on Bayesian network

CAO Huiling, DU Peng

2016, 34(4):  27-30. 

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For the importance of fuel pump assembly and the requirements of accuracy, failure analysis and probability calculations with data validation would be carried out by Bayesian network, and a cost function is introduced to evaluate the results for the safe operation of aero-engine fuel system, providing a reasonable and reliable detection and repair way.

Analysis and research on influencing factors of civil aviation air traffic controllers爷performance based on DEMATEL

SHI Rong, YANG Jiazhong

2016, 34(4):  31-35. 

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The scientific and systematical analysis of the influencing factors on air traffic controllers’performance becomes vital along with the implementation of new ATM system. Not only it‘s important in the filed of human factors in air traffic control, but also it is one key point in building the new ATM system. Taking area controller as instance and considering area controllers爷actual working status, the factor indices system of air traffic controllers‘performance is established, making a detailed analysis on the basis of existing researches. Due to the correlation between them, DEMATEL is applied to analyze the influencing factors to air traffic controller performance quantitatively. Cause factors and result factors, important degree ranking, and the key factors influencing air traffic controllers’performance are found. Results show that ranking DEMATEL is feasible to provide important theoretical reference for safe and efficient operation of ATM, human resource management, and the construction of new ATMsystem.

Influence of individual characteristics on safety behavior of civil aviation maintenance personnels

ZENG Peipei, YANG Jie

2016, 34(4):  36-40,46. 

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To study the influence of individual characteristics on safety behavior of civil aviation maintenance personnels,and to improve their safe behaviors, the hypothetical model is built based on literature review and interview study. Through field research and surveys for first-line aviation maintenance personnels in domestic airline maintenance bases, structural equation model is used to analyze the data. Results show that self efficacy, safety attitude, safety awareness, safety knowledge, safety responsibility and safety values correlate with safety participation behavior and safety obedience behavior, among which self efficacy has the greatest influence on safety participation behavior, and safety awareness has the greatest influence on safety obedience behavior.

Engineering and Technology

DME interference suppression method based on joint compressed sensing and receiving diversity

LIU Haitao, ZHANG Huimin, LIU Yazhou, LI Dongxia

2016, 34(4):  41-46. 

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In order to mitigate the impact of DME(distance measure equipment)interference on OFDM(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing)receiver of reverse link for L-band digital aeronautical communications system 1 (LDACS1),a new interference suppression scheme of OFDM receiver is proposed based on joint compressed sensing and receiving diversity. Firstly, in ground station, compressed sensing method is used to reconstruct DME impulse interference in each receiving branch. Then, the reconstructed DME interference is eliminated from the received signals in the time-domain. Finally, maximum ration combining method is utilized to overcome the residual DME interference and improve SNR of OFDM demodulator. Simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively suppress DME interference and improve the reliability of L-DACS1 system.

VOR RF actuator research based on software defined radio

MA Tengda, FAN Zhiyong, WANG Kai

2016, 34(4):  47-52,64. 

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To test and maintain the VOR receiver, an actuator which can simulate the ground station RF signal is needed.The current use of RF actuator is generally traditional special hardware equipment, the parameters could not be adjusted flexibly, and the price is higher. In order to solve this problem, the principles of VOR RF signal are analyzed; VOR RF actuator based on SDR is designed. The zero-IF software radio structure is used. The RF signal transmitted through the universal hardware platform is quadrature modulated on computer, and the modulation parameters can be adjusted flexibly. The system could be controlled through human-machine interface,network or GPIB. The system is tested by spectrum analyzer and RF signal of the system is recorded and analyzed through Matlab. Results show that the system error is acceptable according to relevant standards, and could provide the VOR receiver with adjustable RF signal.

Network flow split design of combustor in gas turbine

WU Jingfeng, ZHOU Yanpei

2016, 34(4):  53-58. 

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A gas turbine combustor is modeled and designed using 1-D network method, and the result is validated compared with the result of 3-D numerical simulation. The network method divides the combustor into a series of 1-D sub-flows, the 1-D network is solved with pressure equations and the sub-flows are linked together in the overall governing equations to obtain a complete solution of the entire flow field. In this way, pressure-drops and flow-splits may be obtained throughout the region of interest. A 1-D network is applied to model and optimize the specific combustor with targets include mass flow split of primary holes and cooling holes and the total pressure drop which is equal to 4.2%. Finally, numerical simulation of this new combustor is carried out and the results are compared with 1-D network, indicating that the targets are achieved well. Results of 1-D network match well with those of numerical simulation, demonstrating the accuracy and reliability of 1-D network approach in the design of complex combustors.

Analysing technology of pavement roughness based on dynamic load factor limits

CHENG Guoyong，HOU Dongwen，HUANG Xudong

2016, 34(4):  59-64. 

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Uneven deformation of airport pavement has become increasingly prominent. Aircrafts have a greater vertical vibration response when glide through the uneven deformation path. At present, the normal nce of uneven deformation pavement has no clear standard. To solve this problem, a plane-road surface vibration equation is established based on two degrees of freedom aircraft-road surface vibration simplified model, choosing dynamic load factor limits as evaluation criteria and the simulation evaluation system of uneven deformation pavement is constructed based on vibration equation. Finally，representatives of the three aircraft taxiing speeds（0.2v₀，0.5v₀ and 0.8v₀）are selected meanwhile，simulation evaluation system is used to analyze to pavement flatness of corresponding rate. Results show that three kinds of representatives velocity amplitude （0.2v₀，0.5v₀ and 0.8v₀）at the maximum allowable deformation are 0.046 m，0.043 m and 0.021 m; maximum allowable pavement depressions are closely related to aircraft taxiing speed ragher than airport rank.