Table of Content

31 December 2019, Volume 37 Issue 6

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Civil Aviation

Dynamic management of en-route network flow reliability in dangerous weather

WANG Lili, WANG Hangchen, ZHAO Di, LI Yanji

2019, 37(6):  1-5. 

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To alleviate the airspace congestion caused by dangerous weather in busy airports, the pre-distribution in air traffic reliability management is studied. Aiming at the random change of dangerous weather, firstly, the measurement of route reliability is proposed, and the random change is transformed into the impedance of the network by mathematical transformation. Secondly, the minimum-cost-maximum-flow model is improved based on actual ATC operating conditions, building a mathematical model which consists of dynamic variation of the impedance, capacity constraints and controller load constraints. Finally, part airspace in North China Control Area is taken as simulation instance and results show that the model and algorithm can effectively optimize the traffic control in large flow airport. The flight delay of ZBAA is decreased by 12.44%, and the departure delay of ZBTJ is decreased by 11.98%.

Design of ADS-B passive surveillance collision aviodance and alarm system

LI Hongwei, ZHANG Xuefeng, YI Dong, YANG Xipeng

2019, 37(6):  6-11. 

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In order to solve the problem of conflict detection and collision prevention of small aircrafts, such as general aviation and UAV and so on, an airborne collision and alarm system based on ADS-B is designed. Air-to-air surveillance is realized through passive reception of ADS-B broadcast message information. Then based on airto-air surveillance situation information, a conflict detection algorithm which is different from the traditional TCAS and a method for preventing false alarm are proposed to realize collision threat detection and alarm. The conflict detection algorithm is verified by simulation with the actual ADS-B data and setting different conflict scenarios, proving that the current system provides engineering application solutions for small aircraft collision avoidance; meanwhile, the cost, weight and power consumption of the current system are much lower than
traditional TCAS equipments.

Comparison and analysis of aero-engine baseline detection approaches

CAO Huiling, XU Wendi, TANG Xinhao, CUI Kelu, WANG Ran

2019, 37(6):  12-17. 

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Baseline is the foundation for aero engine condition monitoring and fault diagnosis. It is hidden in the monitoring systems provided by OEM and is a barrier for monitoring and performance analysis of the engine by operators.Amount in-depth and extensive researches are conducted on the accurate baseline definition, the acquisition of baseline data and the establishment of baseline equations. Several baseline data mining methods are compared and var ified with actual flight data, providing theoretical a useful reference for engine monitoring and analysis.

Liquid jet breakup in shear-laden mode air crossflow

DENG Tian, YUAN Chaohua

2019, 37(6):  18-23. 

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By applying the combination of experimental method and numerical simulation method, liquid jet breakup phenomenon in shear laden mode air crossflow is studied, finding that the air shear layer may cause a significant secondary bending of the liquid column, and the jet penetration height is enhanced with the increase of the upper and lower inlet air flow velocity ratio UR. Meanwhile, the liquid jet breakup mode changes with the liquid-to-air momentum ratio q, appearing bag breakup mode, mixed breakup mode and so on. The liquid jet penetration is positively correlated with q and UR, but jet penetration is not apparently related to the averaged air flow velocity U _avg,g. The morphological changes of liquid column during the development of liquid jet are caused by a combined effect of aerodynamic shear force and unbalanced airflow vortice.

Kinematics design and simulation of four-degree-of-freedom composite flight simulation platform

DONG Tingjian, LI Hua, SANG Chao

2019, 37(6):  24-28. 

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Aiming at the shortcomings of traditional six-degree-of-freedom flight simulation platform, a four-degree-offreedom composite motion platform is designed, which has lower cost, simpler structure, larger motion space and easier control. Basing on kinematics research, forward and inverse kinematics solution equations are derived by establishing spatial coordinate system and D-H parameters in combination with Euler transforming method.Matlab Robotics Toolbox is used to establish the platform mathematical model to verify the forward and reverse solutions. The consistent results of the two methods prove the correctness of the equations and simulation. Finally,joint space trajectory planning is carried out, simulating the displacement, velocity and acceleration curves of the four joints. The smooth and continuous curves verify the feasibility of the platform trajectory.

Influence of end-around taxiway on airport operation: take PVG for instance

LIN Youchao, TANG Xiaowei

2019, 37(6):  29-33. 

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EAT setting is an important approach to improve the airport flight zone safety, runway capacity and taxiing efficiency. Based on the gate pre-assignment result, airport operation with EAT is analyzed and refined to each gate. Firstly, the conditions and operational rules of EAT setting in narrow parallel runway at PVG is investigated.And then, Flexsim is used to simulate the aircraft taxiing time and the narrow parallel runway capacity during peak hours with and without EAT respectively. Results show that the EAT utilization rate is 21.7% and the average taxiing time has been reduced from 8.11 min to 7.81 min. The narrow parallel runway capacity has been increased from 47.59 racks/h to 51.11 racks/h in the mode of ’Taking-off inside and landing outside‘and the increasing rate is 7.40%.

Taxiing route optimization for departure aircrafts based on pollutant emission

ZHENG Lijun, HU Rong, ZHANG Junfeng, ZHU Jialin

2019, 37(6):  34-38. 

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The shortest taxiing time model,the lowest carbon emission model and the multi-objective model for departure aircrafts are established considering pollutant emissions. Genetic algorithm is employed to conduct case simulation and generate Pareto optimal allocation solution. In addition, considering that CO₂ emission accounts for the largest part of pollutant emissions, relation between CO₂ unit cost, CO₂ emission cost, pollutant emission cost and total cost is studied basing on sensitivity analysis. Experimental results show that: comparing with the shortest taxiing time model, the multi-objective model can keep aircraft taxiing efficiency while reducing 1% pollutant emissions; with CO₂ unit cost increasing袁the percentage of CO₂ emission cost of pollutant emission cost increases rapidly which indicates high sensitivity when CO₂ unit cost is low, and then slows down which shows non-significant sensitivity when CO₂ unit cost is high, and the pollutant emission cost of total cost reflects almost positive proportional increase.

Ground service time estimation for transit flight

XING Zhiwei, WANG Chao, LUO Qian, WEI Zhiqiang

2019, 37(6):  39-45. 

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In order to accurately estimate the ground service time of transit flight and realize accurate flight push time control, a time estimation method based on MCMC for the transit flight ground service is proposed. Based on the actual process and time modeling, the ground service process is abstracted into an idealized Markov process. The Monte Carlo method is used to dynamically simulate the distribution of idealized links, and the Pearson chisquare fitting method is used to test the authenticity of the distribution. According to the actual process, the MCMC network structure is optimized, the dynamic parameters of the structure are obtained by random numbers,and the ground service time of the flight is dynamically estimated from the actual operational logic relation.Combined with the actual operation data of an airport in Central China, it is shown that the mean absolute error of the proposed dynamic method is 0.8 min shorter than that of the static method, and the error fluctuation is relatively more stable, thus proving the validity of the method.

基于STPA 冲偏出跑道不安全控制行为分析

WANG Jiening, ZHANG Yuhan, ZHANG Congjun

2019, 37(6):  46-50. 

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Air transport hazard investigation on chemical bag of self-heating food

HAN Yixiu, SONG Aidong, TANG Qiangsheng, LI Hongpu, WANG Hang

2019, 37(6):  51-54. 

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In order to guarantee air transport safety, the air transport hazard of self-heating bag is investigated. Taking two kinds of self-heating bags as instance, instrumental analyses, chemical experiments and dangerous property tests are conducted to analyze the components, self-heating principles and typical hazard of the self-heating bags.Results show that the regulations of DGR issued by IATA could effectively recognize the hazard of self-heating bags in air transport both as goods and carry-on luggage. The clarified safety conditions provide reference for air transport practice and standard regulation of suspected or hidden dangerous goods.

Block replacing policy of civil aircraft components based on different optimizing criteria

ZHANG Chunxiao, LI Qiang, LUO Qian

2019, 37(6):  55-59. 

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Due to the absence of actual operation and historical maintenance data for the new type of aircraft components,their lifespans are assumed as uncertain variables to study the block replacing policy based on uncertainty theory.Meanwhile, considering the different maintenance requirements and stock tolerance limits, the block replacing models with three optimizing criteria are proposed to search the optimal replacing period: a. the expected value model to minimize the average cost within a block replacing period; b. the chance value model to minimize the average replacing cost beyond the budget; c. the key value model to ensure that the average replacing cost below the budget exceeds the constraint of a given confidence. Finally, numerical examples are given to prove the validity of the proposed model.

Engineering and Technology

Novel semi-analytical solution for thermoelastic problem of composite laminated plate

LU Xiang, QU Hepeng, LIU Yanbo

2019, 37(6):  60-64. 

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To simplify the theoretical form of semi-analytical solution for Hamilton canonical equation and improve computational efficiency, a novel semi-analytical solution for solving thermoelastic problem of laminated plate is proposed. Based on minimum potential energy principle and modified H-R variational principle,a novel semianalytical mixed element is developed by combining thermoelasticity displacement element and Hamilton semianalytical mixed element. The proposed mixed element combines the advantages of displacement method and semi-analytical solution of Hamilton canonical equation, simplifying the solving process. Finally, a numerical example is employed to verify the accuracy and superiority of the proposed method for analyzing thermoelastic problem of composite laminated plate.