典型机身框段垂向坠撞响应及乘员腰椎伤害分析

中国民航大学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 1-8.

• 民机安全性与适航 • 下一篇

典型机身框段垂向坠撞响应及乘员腰椎伤害分析

解江 a ，谢威威 b ，崔书瑞 c ，牟浩蕾 a

中国民航大学 a. 科技创新研究院；b. 中欧航空工程师学院；c. 安全科学与工程学院，天津 300300

收稿日期:2024-04-21 修回日期:2024-06-05 出版日期:2025-04-08 发布日期:2025-04-08
作者简介:解江（1982— ），男，天津人，研究员，博士，研究方向为飞机结构强度与客舱安全
基金资助:
天津市应用基础研究多元投入基金项目（21JCYBJC00690）

Vertical crash response of typical fuselage frame section and analysis of

occupant lumbar injury

XIE Jiang a , XIE Weiwei b , CUI Shurui c , MOU Haolei a

a. Science and Technology Innovation Research Institute; b. Sino-European Institute of Aviation Engineering; c. College of Safety

Science and Engineering, CAUC, Tianjin 300300, China

Received:2024-04-21 Revised:2024-06-05 Online:2025-04-08 Published:2025-04-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为分析垂向坠撞试验中大飞机机身框段的坠撞响应、结构吸能及乘员伤害情况，首先，建立大飞机典型机身

框段-座椅-乘员有限元模型；其次，对比分析了该有限元模型与试验件机身框段的失效模式和乘员响应等；

最后，对机身框段不同部件进行了坠撞吸能分析，并从腰椎压缩载荷和骨盆加速度两方面分析了乘员损伤

情况。仿真结果表明，机身框段-座椅-乘员有限元模型能够有效模拟机身框段失效模式、货舱地板下部结构

中间支撑件区域的 1 处塑性铰以及两侧客舱地板支撑立柱与机身隔框连接处的 2 处塑性铰，乘员响应得到

有效验证；从吸能情况来看，6.02 m/s 垂直坠撞速度下，机身隔框、蒙皮及其连接角片都是主要吸能部件；从

乘员伤害情况来看，仿真获得的乘员腰椎压缩载荷小于 6 672 N，骨盆加速度在人体损伤可接受区域内；由

地板加速度所得的动态响应指数（DRI，dynamic response index）值相比由骨盆加速度所得的 DRI 值更低；某

机型在 6.02 m/s 坠撞速度下，机身框段客舱区域生存空间得到保持，乘员腰椎压缩载荷及骨盆加速度伤害

风险较小。本文研究结论可为大型民机机身结构设计提供参考。

关键词:

适坠性, 机身框段坠撞响应, 乘员坠撞响应, 坠撞吸能, 乘员伤害分析

Abstract:

To analyze the crash response, structural energy absorption, and occupant injury of a large aircraft fuselage frame

section in the vertical crash test, firstly, the finite element model of typical fuselage frame section-seat-occupant of

a large aircraft is established. Secondly, the failure mode of fuselage frame section and occupant response of the test

piece and this finite element model are compared and analyzed. Finally, the crash energy absorption is analyzed on

different components of the fuselage frame section, and the occupant injury situation is analyzed from the perspectives of lumbar compression load and pelvic acceleration. The simulation results show that the finite element model

of fuselage frame section-seat-occupant can effectively simulate the failure mode of fuselage frame section, one

plastic hinge at the middle support area of the the lower structure of the cargo floor and two plastic hinges at the

connections between cabin floor support columns and fuselage frames, and occupant response is effectively validated. From the perspective of energy absorption, at the vertical crash velocity of 6.02 m/s, the fuselage frame, skin

and connecting corner pieces are the main energy absorbing components, and from the perspective of occupant injuries, simulation results show that the lumbar compression load of occupant is less than 6 672 N and the pelvic acceleration is within the acceptable range of human injury. Furthermore, the dynamic response index (DRI) value

obtained from floor acceleration is lower compared with that of pelvic acceleration. The survival space in the cabin area of the fuselage frame section is maintained, and the injury risk of the occupant lumbar compression load and

pelvic acceleration is relatively small for a certain type of aircraft at a crash speed of 6.02 m/s. The research conclusion of this article can provide reference for the design of large civil aircraft fuselage structure.

Key words:

crashworthiness, fuselage frame section crash response, occupant crash response, crash energy absorption, occu－

pant injury analysis

中图分类号:

V223+ .2

解江 a, 谢威威 b, 崔书瑞 c, 牟浩蕾 a.

典型机身框段垂向坠撞响应及乘员腰椎伤害分析

[J]. 中国民航大学学报, 2024, 42(6): 1-8.

XIE Jiang a , XIE Weiwei b , CUI Shurui c , MOU Haolei a.

Vertical crash response of typical fuselage frame section and analysis of

occupant lumbar injury

[J]. Journal of Civil Aviation University of China, 2024, 42(6): 1-8.

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典型机身框段垂向坠撞响应及乘员腰椎伤害分析

Vertical crash response of typical fuselage frame section and analysis of

occupant lumbar injury

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