无人机地面撞击风险评估体系构建及趋势展望

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着应用场景的丰富和飞行时间的增长，无人机低空空域飞行的地面撞击风险逐渐引起关注。通过对现有无人机运行数据和事故调查结论，得出地面撞击事故主要风险源。梳理国内外学者对无人机地面撞击风险评估建模的研究要点，按照风险评估流程将研究内容概括为无人机系统失效模型、撞击区域预测模型、地面人口分布模型和危害评估模型4 类，对比风险评估代表性模型，并归纳现有研究中存在的问题，包括失效模式和风险因素单一、人口分布和危害评估模型不统一等。最后，对无人机运行风险研究趋势及相关技术进行展望，概括无人机地面撞击风险评估体系及产业与监管技术的发展趋势。

关键词: 航空运输, 无人机, 地面撞击, 风险评估

Abstract: With increasing application scenarios and the growth of flight time, the risk of ground impact in low-altitude airspace flight has been increasingly focused. Main inducements of ground hazards are obtained through the existing UAV operation data and accident investigation conclusion. Combing current UAV ground impact risk assessment modeling points, UAV system failure model, impact area model, ground object distribution model and the injury evaluation model are summarized according to the risk assessment process. Some typical models are compared, summarizing the shortcomings existing in these researches including single failure mode, non-uniform distribution and injury model, etc. Finally, the research trend of UAV operation risk and related technologies are prospected, ground hazard risk assessment system and the development trend of industry and regulatory technologies are summarized.

Key words: air transportation, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), ground impact, risk assessment

中图分类号:

V279
X951

韩鹏, 赵嶷飞, 刘宏. 无人机地面撞击风险评估体系构建及趋势展望[J]. 中国民航大学学报, 2021, 39(1): 40-47.

HAN Peng, ZHAO Yifei, LIU Hong. Assessment system construction and trend foresight of UAV ground impact risk#br#[J]. Journal of Civil Aviation University of China, 2021, 39(1): 40-47.

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