中国民航大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 53-60.

• 未来机场及智能装备 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于CFD-DPM的风沙颗粒堵塞涡轮叶片气膜孔冷却特性研究

  

  1. (中国民航大学航空工程学院,天津 300300)
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-13 修回日期:2025-11-17 出版日期:2026-06-30 发布日期:2026-07-04
  • 作者简介:师利中(1984— ),男,河南新乡人,副教授,硕士,研究方向为飞机及发动机健康管理、智能诊断技术. 

Research on cooling characteristics of film cooling holes blocked by sand particles in turbine blades based on CFD-DPM

  1. (College of Aeronautical Engineering, CAUC, Tianjin 300300, China)
  • Received:2025-09-13 Revised:2025-11-17 Online:2026-06-30 Published:2026-07-04

摘要: 为研究航空发动机在风沙环境中运行时,风沙颗粒在涡轮叶片气膜孔内沉积堵塞导致冷却效率下降的问 题,本文以圆柱形气膜孔结构为研究对象,采用计算流体动力学-离散相模型(CFD-DPM,computational fluid dynamics-discrete phase model)的数值模拟方法,探究风沙颗粒在气膜孔内的气固两相流动特性;结 合颗粒运动轨迹分析与沉积动力学模型,系统研究了气膜孔内风沙颗粒的沉积特性及其对冷却性能的影 响机理。研究结果表明:风沙颗粒在气膜孔内与壁面碰撞并沉积主要发生在气膜孔入口背风侧壁面的30% 处和气膜孔出口后缘处,导致气膜孔内部及后缘区域成为易发生堵塞的位置;后缘堵塞会改变冷却气流流 动结构,导致冷却气流对壁面的附着效果下降,较大比例的后缘堵塞(B>0.3)会显著降低冷却性能(降幅 超过20%)。气膜孔孔内堵塞不会影响气流在下游壁面上的附着效果,对整体冷却性能影响有限。

关键词: 风沙颗粒, 气固两相流, 气膜孔堵塞, 气动性能, 冷却性能

Abstract: To investigate the reduction in cooling efficiency caused by the deposition and blockage of sand particles in the film cooling holes of turbine blades when aero-engines operate in sandy environments, this study focuses on the structure of cylindrical film cooling holes. A numerical simulation method based on the computational fluid dy鄄 namics-discrete phase model (CFD-DPM) is adopted to explore the gas-solid two-phase flow characteristics ofsand particles inside the film cooling holes. By combining particle motion trajectory analysis with a deposition kinetics model, the deposition characteristics of sand particles in the film cooling holes and the mechanism by which they affect cooling performance are systematically studied. The results show that the positions where sand particles collide with and deposit on the wall inside the film cooling holes mainly occur at 30%of the leeward side wall surface near the inlet of the film cooling holes and at the trailing edge of the outlet of the film cooling holes, mak鄄 ing the internal and trailing edge regions of the film cooling holes prone to blockage. Trailing edge blockage changes the flow structure of the cooling air flow, leading to a decrease in the adherence effect of the cooling air flow to the wall; a relatively high proportion of trailing edge blockage (B > 0.3) significantly reduces the cooling performance (with a reduction of more than 20%). Blockage inside the film cooling holes does not affect the adherence of the air flow to the downstream wall and has a relatively limited impact on the overall cooling performance.

Key words:  , sand particles, gas-solid two-phase flow, film cooling hole blockage, aerodynamic performance, cooling perfor mance

中图分类号: