Journal of Civil Aviation University of China

Analysis of the development trends of hyperspectral imaging technology based on

bibliometrics

CHEN Daa , JI Sibob , CHEN Ying , ZHU Lin , GUO Xianga , PEI Linlinc

2025, 43(6): 1-8.

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To understand the research situation of hyperspectral imaging technology and hyperspectral remote sensing in

the past 20 years at home and abroad, this article adopts the bibliometric visualization software VOSviewer to

quantitatively analyze the research papers of hyperspectral imaging technology in the Web of Science (WoS)

database and CNKI database from 2003 to 2022. The results indicate that the number of papers related to hyperspectral imaging technology in the CNKI database has grown relatively slowly. In the past five years, Chinese

scholars have ranked first in the number of publications in the field of hyperspectral imaging technology and

have closely cooperated with researchers from multiple countries in the WoS database. The keyword analysis of

the relevant literature retrieved from the two databases shows that data analysis and image processing in hyperspectral imaging technology are the current research hotspots, and experts and scholars from various countries

have applied deep learning methods in this field. With the progress of technical means, hyperspectral data

analysis and image processing need more cross-integration of multiple disciplines to face the increasing demand for data processing.

Analysis of the effect of ice ridges on the aerodynamic and control characteristics

of ruddered airfoils

YANG Jianzhong , ZENG Xiangtao, , XU Zhaoke , YANG Shibin

2025, 43(6): 9-14.

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The formation of ice ridges above the wing by icing of supercooled large droplet (SLD) can seriously affect the

aircraft flight safety. In order to investigate the effects of ice ridges on the aerodynamic and control characteristics

of ruddered airfoils, numerical simulations were carried out using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for ruddered airfoils under different ice ridge heights. Simulation results show that ice ridges cause a reduction in the lift

coefficient, an increase in the drag coefficient and a significant reduction in the rudder control efficiency of the

airfoil; in this example, the airflow over the upper surface of the airfoil is completely separated at an ice ridge

height of k/c = 0.013 9 at angle of attack α = 4°, resulting in a rudder control efficiency loss of over 40% and a significant degradation of the airfoil′s aerodynamic and control characteristics.

An image interference suppression method for zero-IF architecture navigation

receivers

2025, 43(6): 15-23.

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To address the image interference issue in zero intermediate frequency (zero-IF) architecture navigation receivers,

this paper proposes a suppression method based on a complex analytic bandpass filter. The proposed method is

used to optimize the parameters of the receiver′s radio frequency (RF) front-end to achieve spectral separation

between the image interference and the navigation signal, followed by the design of a complex analytic bandpass

filter to suppress image interference. First, this paper theoretically demonstrates that in-phase/quadrature-phase

(I/Q) mismatch during quadrature downconversion is the fundamental cause of image interference. Subsequently,

the impact of image interference on system performance is evaluated under the space-time minimum power antijamming algorithm. Based on this analysis, the proposed complex analytic bandpass filter is employed to suppress

image interference, followed by joint processing with the space-time minimum power anti-jamming algorithm.

Simulation and measured results validate that the proposed method effectively enhances the anti-jamming performance of the navigation receiver.

Research on coordinated slot parameter profiles based on flight delay

prediction under multiple weather patterns

GAO Wei , PANG Dingying,

2025, 43(6): 24-30.

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Constructing a reasonable 18—24 h coordinated slot parameter profile for busy airports that aligns with normality

expectations, used for publishing capacity and facilitating seasonal slot adjustments, remains an unresolved issue

in aviation slot management. This paper develops a regression prediction model for slot structure using historical

flight and weather data, employing K-means clustering and partial least squares regression, while applying

ensemble learning to forecast flight delay levels. The results show that random forests exhibit good performance in

both regression and prediction, and can combine flight delay predictions to obtain the upper and lower limits of

the coordinated slot parameter profile as the slot coordination parameter interval. The results are verified through

simulation, ensuring that the flight schedule within this interval maintains an average delay level of less than 15

min, leading to the proposal of recommended slot coordination parameters. This paper provides refined decision support information for relevant departments in slot management and air traffic flow management during different

strategic and tactical periods, as well as for airports and airlines in evaluating delay risks, adjusting slot arrangements, allocating capacity, and planning support resources.

Air traffic flow forecast in the control area based on the four-stage method

MA Lan , REN Jingjing ,

2025, 43(6): 31-37.

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In order to solve the problem of the mismatch of traffic flow distribution across airways and the unfair allocation

of airspace resources resulting from independent air traffic flow forecasts conducted by individual air traffic control bureaus, this study proposes a forecasting method based on the four-stage prediction theory for estimating

both overall air traffic flow in the control area and the traffic flow distribution across its internal airways. The

grey prediction model was employed to forecast the number of flights from source airports within the control area.

A double-constrained gravity model was established to estimate the distributed air traffic flow between origin destination (OD) pairs associated with these airports. The multinomial Logit model was then applied to predict

the traffic flow distribution across airways between the OD pairs, and the forecasted air traffic flow for the control

area was obtained by aggregating these distributed flows. The method was validated using the Xi′ an Regional

Control Area as a case study. The results show that this method can effectively realize the air traffic flow forecast

within the control area while ensuring consistency in the traffic flow distribution across airways. It can serve as a

reference for the unified forecast of both traffic flow distribution across airways and control area air traffic flow at

the national level.

Adaptive typical trajectory generation based on geometric algebra

JIAO Weidong , LI Chunyang, , WU Haobo , LI Taiyu

2025, 43(6): 38-45.

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By analyzing the performance of density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) and fuzzy

C-means (FCM) clustering, a fast adaptive typical trajectory generation method based on geometric algebra is

proposed. Firstly, the K-means clustering algorithm is used to normalize the flight operation time. Then, lever aging the superior capabilities of geometric algebra in spatiotemporal representation and computation, geometric

algebraic descriptions are formulated for trajectory turn determination, DBSCAN clustering and FCM clustering.

Finally, in the geometric algebraic space, DBSCAN clustering and FCM clustering are carried out adaptively to

form typical trajectories of turn motion state and straight motion state respectively. Experimental results show

that the adaptive typical trajectories achieve over 30% faster generation speed compared to conventional Euclidean space methods.

Research on the development strategy of Shanghai′s third airport under the

"one-city-three-airport" model

LI Longhai , LI Benzhao , LIU Zhaobo

2025, 43(6): 46-53.

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To explore the development direction of a one-city-three-airport system in China and promote the coordinated

development of Shanghai as an aviation hub, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for multi-airport

development models in the context of one-city-three-airport systems, comprising five first-level indicators

and eleven second-level indicators. Subjective and objective weights are derived using the G1 method and the

entropy method, respectively, and are combined via a range-maximization combination-weighting procedure; the

various one-city-multi-airport development models are then evaluated using the technique for order preference

by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). Results indicate that Shanghai′s current one-city-two-airport system

exhibits significant advantages in cargo and mail throughput and performs well in inter-airport ground-accessibility and noise-impact metrics, but lags in route-network connectivity. Drawing on lessons from international

one-city-three-airport systems, the study proposes three strategic options for a third Shanghai airport: a domestic

trunk passenger hub airport to divert selected flights from the existing airports; a low-cost carrier (LCC)-oriented

airport to attract price-sensitive travelers; and an auxiliary LCC facility to accommodate overflow passenger and

cargo demand from the current airports.

Optimization and prediction model of apron floodlighting based on PSO-BP neural

network

ZHENG Meichun , SHEN Liangzhong , LI Yue , CAI Jing

2025, 43(6): 54-60.

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The design of apron floodlighting is influenced by numerous factors, which affect the efficiency and safety of

floodlighting. In this study, 315 sets of lighting schemes were simulated in DIALux evo software to develop an illuminance prediction model. Horizontal illuminance, vertical illuminance, uniformity, glare rating, and zonal illuminance were used as model inputs, while the installation height of high-mast lights, number of LEDs, and

vertical tilt angle were used as model outputs. A prediction model based on particle swarm optimization (PSO)

and back propagation (BP) neural network was constructed and compared with a model built using BP neural

network. The results show that the proposed PSO-BP neural network is more efficient and has higher model fitting accuracy than the BP neural network algorithm, and it avoids the problem of local optima inherent in the BP

neural network algorithm. The predicted illuminance results for the preset scenes using the established optimized

model were highly consistent with the simulation test results, indicating that the model has good predictive accuracy in engineering applications.

Research on the identification of factors influencing flight gate boarding

rate at airports

MAO Hongli , , LUO Qian, , LIU Hong , ZHOU Wei , LU Yanhong,

2025, 43(6): 61-67.

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To identify key factors influencing the flight gate boarding rate at airports, an indicator system was established

based on flight volume and structure, flight operations efficiency, airport operational efficiency, and contact stand

resources. The Spearman correlation coefficient and grey relational analysis (GRA) were used to analyze the correlation and impact significance between flight gate boarding rate and multi-dimensional indicators in terms of

their absolute values and monthly average change rates, and the correlation distribution characteristics of the factors influencing the flight gate boarding rate and the ranking of multivariate collaborative influencests are obtained. Results show that airports with higher flight gate boarding rate generally have fewer overnight flights,

shorter arrival delays, and a higher proportion of contact stands. Originating and overnight flights′ gate boarding

rate changes are highly synchronized with the overall rate, significantly boosting the airport′s total flight gate

boarding rate. Improving flight punctuality rate, shortening ground support time, and increasing contact stand resources all have a positive effect on the improvement of flight gate boarding rate. The ranking of factors influencing flight gate boarding rate from highest to lowest is: average daily turnover of contact stands, actual turnaround

time, overnight flight proportion, departure delay, daily contact stand flight load ratio, daily number of contact

stands used by C/D-class aircraft, airport departure clearance punctuality rate, and daily contact stand count.

Research on UAV safety supervision strategies based on a four-party

evolutionary game model

ZHANG Qingsong a, b , FAN Kuanb

2025, 43(6): 68-74.

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In order to improve the supervision and management efficiency of civil unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in China, reduce their accident rate, and further ensure the safety of general aviation, this study applies evolutionary

game theory to construct a four-party evolutionary game model for the full-process supervision of UAV market

circulation. The model involves multiple stakeholders, including the Civil Aviation Administration of China

(CAAC) safety supervision department, local governments, UAV enterprises, and UAV operators. The study explores the strategy selection paths, evolutionary trends, and system stability and control scenarios under the influence of different strategies, and proposes reasonable regulatory strategies for civil UAVs in China. The results indicate that significantly improving UAV regulatory efficiency and reducing UAV accident rates require strengthening accountability for UAV enterprises and adopting a hierarchical supervision strategy.

Text analysis and multidimensional perspective of China′s low-altitude economic

policy based on a three-dimensional framework

JING Xiuli, WANG Zhe

2025, 43(6): 75-82.

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As a national strategic emerging industry, the construction of the policy system for low-altitude economy is of great

significance for the transformation of old and new driving force, optimization of airspace resources, and modernization of governance capabilities. Based on a systematic review of 74 national and regional low-altitude economic

policy documents, a three-dimensional analysis framework of “policy tools-industrial ecology-participating entities” was constructed. The content analysis method was used to analyze 1 806 reference points and explore the synergistic relationships and cross effects between various dimensions in depth. Research has found that the overall

low-altitude economic policy tools in China exhibit a structural preference of “supply led, environment support,

and low demand”. The ecological attention to the four major industries in the low-altitude sector is relatively balanced, but the coordination between policy tools and industrial ecology needs to be strengthened. There are some

adaptation differences between policy tool configuration and subject capabilities, and multi-subject collaborative

governance presents industrial heterogeneity. The current policy system still faces many challenges in promoting

low-altitude economy to achieve economic benefits, including incomplete market-oriented mechanisms and unclear profit models. The research suggests implementing systematic optimization of policies and management from

six aspects, including improving the policy system, optimizing the tool structure, strengthening industrial collaboration, building a diversified governance mechanism, improving policy implementation guarantees, and narrowing regional industrial gaps, in order to promote the transformation of low-altitude economy from a “lively start” to a “substantial profit”stage and provide theoretical support and policy reference for high-quality development of low-altitude economy.

A study of budget and cost management strategies for civil aviation information

systems project portfolios

LIU Jie, LI Xue, XUE Siqi, AN Yuan, RAN Xia, YANG Lisong, ZHANG Xinxin, WANG Qing

2025, 43(6): 83-87.

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While substantial research has been conducted in both academic and industrial circles on refined project cost

management, existing studies tend to focus more on refining details with limited practical implementation.

Moreover, their application scenarios are largely confined to traditional sectors such as construction engineering,

offering limited adaptability and guidance for enterprises in civil aviation information systems. To address this gap,

this paper investigates large-scale project portfolios in civil aviation information systems and develops refined

budget and cost management strategies based on practical exploration. By establishing a comprehensive process

management system encompassing "budget formulation-budget decomposition-cost accounting-cost control", a

closed-loop management mechanism is formed. This system is characterized by detailed depth, fine granularity,

and strong operability, providing targeted guidance for practitioners in civil aviation and filling the research gap in

refined budget and cost management for large-scale project portfolios in the civil aviation information systems.

Chinese aviation national civil servant exam assessment using large language model

YANG Kaijie , QIN Xuefenga , MO Jimaob , WANG Chuwei , LI Guanlina , DING H.Q. Chris , CAI Yuanzhea

2025, 43(6): 88-96.

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This paper systematically evaluates and analyzes the performance of five large language models (LLMs) , including ChatGPT-4o on the Chinese national civil servant exam (NCSE). The study selected NCSE past exam

papers from 2022 to 2024, input the questions into the five LLMs using a predefined standardized query format,

recorded their outputs, and calculated their accuracy rates to assess their overall capabilities. The experimental

results show that the total scores for DeepSeek -V3, DeepSeek -R1, ChatGPT -4o, Gemini -1.5 Flash, and

ERNIE Bot-4.0 Turbo are 145.20, 145.41, 127.47, 107.56, and 86.40, respectively, except for ERNIE Bot-4.0

Turbo, all models scored higher than the average human candidate score of 93.50. Among them, DeepSeek-V3

and DeepSeek-R1 achieved scores within the high-score range of NCSE. Furthermore, this paper delves into

the strengths and weaknesses of the five LLMs, provides a detailed comparison of their performance across different question types, such as common sense judgment, verbal comprehension and expression, quantitative relationships, judgment and reasoning, and data analysis, and summarizes typical error patterns when handling complex logical reasoning and multi-step calculation problems.

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